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The Politics of Rebuilding Gaza

The Politics of Rebuilding Gaza

The appointment of Ali Shaath to lead Gaza’s post-war administration under a US-backed framework marks a decisive shift in how the territory is being managed after months of devastation. Presented as a technocratic solution to an unprecedented humanitarian collapse, the arrangement signals something far more consequential: the consolidation of external control over Gaza’s political future, framed as reconstruction and stabilisation.

Shaath, a Belfast-educated civil engineer and former Palestinian Authority official, has been tasked with overseeing a 15-member technocratic committee responsible for administering Gaza during what is described as a transitional phase. The initiative unfolds alongside Israel’s partial military withdrawal and Washington’s ambition to shepherd a new governance model for the enclave. Yet beneath the language of expertise and efficiency lies a structure that marginalises Palestinian political agency at the very moment it should be restored.

Technocracy as Substitution for Politics

The emphasis on technocratic governance reflects a familiar impulse in international crisis management: replace contested politics with managerial authority. In Gaza, this approach treats governance as an engineering problem rather than a political one. Clearing rubble, restoring utilities, and rebuilding housing are presented as technical tasks detached from questions of sovereignty, representation, and accountability.

Such framing obscures the reality that Gaza’s destruction is the outcome of a prolonged military campaign, not a natural disaster. Reconstruction cannot be meaningfully separated from the political conditions that produced the devastation. By vesting authority in a committee insulated from electoral legitimacy, the framework reduces Palestinian self-rule to administrative compliance.

Shaath’s ambitious proposals  including clearing debris within three years and reclaiming land from the sea  project confidence and urgency. Yet timelines and engineering solutions cannot compensate for the absence of political consent. Governance imposed through external sponsorship, however efficient it appears on paper, remains fragile and contested on the ground.

External Stewardship and Power Asymmetry

The structure overseeing Gaza places decisive authority beyond Palestinian hands. Strategic direction, funding streams, and security parameters remain shaped by external actors whose priorities are defined elsewhere. This asymmetry is not incidental; it is foundational to the arrangement.

By embedding Gaza’s future within a foreign-led oversight mechanism, the initiative effectively internationalises control while localising responsibility. Palestinian technocrats are tasked with managing consequences without shaping conditions. The result is governance without ownership, authority without autonomy.

This model mirrors earlier experiments in externally managed state-building, where stability was pursued through supervision rather than legitimacy. Such arrangements tend to produce dependency, weaken local institutions, and defer rather than resolve underlying political conflicts.

Reconstruction Under Constraint

The material challenge facing Gaza is immense. Tens of millions of tonnes of rubble, unexploded ordnance, and shattered infrastructure demand urgent attention. Yet reconstruction remains constrained by security restrictions, border controls, and the unresolved status of Gaza itself.

Heavy machinery, construction materials, and industrial equipment remain subject to external approval. Without guaranteed access, even the most detailed reconstruction plans risk stalling. Development cannot proceed at scale while fundamental control over borders, imports, and movement lies elsewhere.

Moreover, rebuilding under these conditions risks entrenching a cycle in which destruction and reconstruction alternate without altering the political equilibrium. Infrastructure restored today remains vulnerable tomorrow if the structural drivers of conflict persist.

The Illusion of Neutral Administration

The portrayal of the governing committee as neutral and apolitical serves a strategic purpose. It recasts deeply political decisions as technical necessities. Yet choices about land use, housing allocation, security coordination, and economic priorities are inherently political. They shape who benefits, who decides, and whose future is secured.

Removing these decisions from representative Palestinian institutions narrows the space for collective ownership. It also signals that Palestinian politics is viewed as an obstacle to stability rather than its foundation. This assumption has long underpinned failed approaches to Gaza and continues to limit prospects for durable peace.

A Managed Future

What is unfolding in Gaza is less a transition toward self-governance than a managed holding pattern. External actors seek order, predictability, and control, while postponing the question of political resolution. Technocracy becomes a means of governance without empowerment. For Gaza’s population, this offers short-term relief but little assurance of long-term agency. Reconstruction administered from above may restore buildings, yet it leaves unresolved the central issue of who governs and on what terms.

Conclusion

Gaza’s recovery requires more than technical competence and ambitious timelines. It demands political restoration rooted in Palestinian ownership and consent. Governance frameworks that sideline representation in favour of external oversight risk repeating the very dynamics that have kept Gaza trapped in cycles of destruction and dependency.

Rebuilding a territory without rebuilding political agency offers stability in appearance, fragility in substance. Without a shift toward genuine self-determination, Gaza’s future will continue to be managed rather than decided by its people.

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